中國先史時代研究の展望

Abstract

After the Revolution prehistoric study in China has made a remarkable progress. As the result of archeological researches made in the course of the construction of the Huang-ho (黃河) dams Sha-yuan (沙范) culture microliths, which preceded the Yang-shao (仰韶) culture, have been discovered at Ch'ao-i (朝邑), Shensi (陝西). These microliths belong to the hunting stage before the introduction of agriculture. Sites of the Yang-shao and Lung-shan (龍山) cultures have been found with rich artifacts. If we compare these findings with those from the Yang-shao site at Pan-p'o (半坡) in Shensi Province, it seems that Yang-shao culture in Honan (河南) and Shensi gave birth to Yang-shao culture at Iarge, and the same may be said of the later cultures of Lung-shan as welI as of Yin (殷) and Chou (周). In Kansu (甘肅) too the dam construction has Ied to a number discoveries of various sites, where the chronological order of the Yang-shao, Ch'i-chia (齊家) and Hsin-tien (辛店) cultures, which correspond to that of Yang-shao, Lung-shan and Yin-Chou cultures, can be observed. Though these three distinct cultures were successively diffused to Kiangsu (江蘇), Anhui (安徽) and Hupei (湖北), it was the modified Lung-shan culture that played the leading role. StiII later, the diffusion of Lung-shan culture to the south of the Yang-tzu gave birth to impressed pottery culture which corresponds to Yin-Chou culture.