西漢後半期の政治と春秋學 : 『左氏春秋』と『公羊春秋』の對立と展開

Abstract

This essay will investigate the transformation of Ch'un-ch'iu studies in the latter part of the Western Han dynasty, from the reign of Hsuan-ti 宣帝 through that of Ai-ti 哀帝, from the perspective of political history ； and it will attempt to look at the later debate between chin-wen 今文and ku-wen 古文. If we divide the Western Han at the reign of Wu-ti 武帝, we can see contrasts in the areas of the nature of imperial power, the relationship between the sovereign and his ministers, and the exercise of officials' powers. These changes caused a decline in the position of and broke the influential hold of Kung-yang studies which had become the ideology supporting the political structure of the early Western Han, and generated the rise of Tso-chuan 左傳 studies. The philosophical nature of the Tso-chuan accorded with the later Western Han's political system. The proposal for the official establishment of Tso-chuan studies by Liu Hsin who brought Tso-chuan studies into the forefront of history was one end result of the opposition and development between Tso-chuan and Kung-yang studies which had been latent since the earlier Western Han ； and it was simultaneously the beginning of the debate between chin-wen and ku-wen which would rage in the Eastern Han.