淸代外省の警察機能について : 割辮案を例に

Abstract

It can be said in general that in premodern societies, the operations of the police were not independent, but rather were mixed in with the operations of other government services. This essay is an attempt to verify this thesis for local administration in the Qing period using the concrete example of the Queue Cutting Case. This author has looked at the following two questions relating to this issue: 1) With what procedures were documents concerning police activities handled? and 2) How were police duties apportioned between the local yamen and the Green Standard forces? The results indicate that, with regard to question 1), the documents concerning police activities were handled by the same people and with the same procedures as other administrative documents. With regard to question 2), it was the practice of the time to send out yamen to handle non-violent incidents and to send out Green Standard troops to handle violent incidents. But it was only with the advent of the Queue Cutting Case that this procedure was put into law. These results confirm the above mentioned thesis for the Qing case. At the same time, the research indicated the special characteristics of the Qing dynasty. Namely, the Qing state generated a huge number of administrative documents, and since police documents were not treated separately, there were apt to be delays in responding to law enforcement problems.