東晉政權の成立過程 : 司馬睿(元帝)の府僚を中心として

Abstract

At the start of the fourth century, the northern nobility who sought refuge from the north of China were able to assert their dominance over the indigenous powerful families, south of the Yangtze, and re-establish their aristocracy. Concerning the formation of Eastern Jin 東晉 political power, even though much research has already been done, many points still remain unclear. The formation of the Eastern Jin can be said to have proceeded in the following way. Firstly, in 307 Si-ma Rui became the An Dong General 安東將軍, then in 311 he became the Zhen Dong General-in-chief 鎮東大將軍 and in 313 got power as the Prime Minister (chengxiang 丞相). Accordingly, this paper will divide the staff officers who served Si-ma Rui into three time periods and analyse these. Through this analysis I intend to investigate how the Eastern Jin political power was created. As the An Dong General's office that was set up at Jian Kang 建康 in the early days, Si-ma Rui was able to strengthen the foundation of his political power, south of the Yangtze, with the full co-operation of the indigenous powerful families. In his position as the Zhen Dong General-in-chief, through the skillful use of the staff officers system, he was able to establish a literary aristocracy, with the northern nobility occupying a superior position in it. Once he entered the Prime Minister's office, he used the members of the self defence units from northern China as his staff officers and then proceeded to improve the moral of the nobility. This he did with the intention of strengthening the power of the ruler. The various problems that had built up during the formation of the Eastern Jin exploded in the Wang Dun 王敦 rebellion. Thereafter the northern aristocracy political system was complete.