大元ウルス治下江南初期政治史

Abstract

This study is aimed at investigating how the Dai-on ulus started ruling South China (Jiang-nan 江南). It analyses the political history of South China, especially Jiang-huai 江淮 area (or Jiang-zhe 江浙 area) from 1275 to 1285 with particular reference to the movements of its administrative leaders. In brief, the conclusions are as follows. 1) The beginning of administration (1275-1277) : Bayan, the Commander-in-chief of the campaign against the Southern Song, occupied Hang-zhou 杭州 in February 1276. After taking some temporary measures, he returned to Mongolia immediately. At the end of the year, Qubilai Qa'an appointed the vice-commander, Aju Grand Councilor, the head of the administrative system over South China. But Aju did not leave for the post because of his another military task. Finally Seng'u, theCensor-in-chief of south Branch Censorate, became the head of the administrative system in 1277. 2) Political strife in Hang-zhou (1278-1282) : There was a political strife between Ataqai, 'Ali Beg and Ahmad family in Hang-zhou. In 1280 Ataqai and 'Ali Beg were defeated by Ahmad, and 'Ali Beg was executed. After assassination of Ahmad in 1282, his family suffered a great fall. 3) Reorganization of administrative order (1282-1285) : Seng'u was transferred to Grand Councilor of Jiang-huai Branch Secretariat for reorganizing administrative order there, but he died on his way to Hang-zhou in 1284. Mangɣutai, Seng'u's deputy, was subsequently appointed as Grand Councilor of Jiang-zhe Branch Secretariat, and he began to exercise his authority at will in the area.