元代江南における詞樂の傳承

Abstract

Tz'u poetry 詞樂 reached its height in the Sung 宋 dynasty, but it has been said that, in the Yüan 元 dynasty, Yüan-chü 元曲 flourished and overwhelmed Tz'u poetry, therefore, the music of Tz'u poetry was no longer transmitted. However, several documents left by literary men of the Yüan dynasty prove that Tz'u poetry was still sung during the Yüan dynasty, at least in Chiang-Nan 江南 district. It seems that the disappearance of the music of Tz'u poetry occurred in the early 15th century at the earliest. For example, Wu Nê 呉訥 who edited Pai-chia Tz'u 百家詞 during the Chêng T'ung 正統 era (1436-1449) of the Ming 明 dynasty said in his introductory remarks of Wên-chang Pien-t'i 文章辨體 that the scholar-officials of Chiang-Nan district still could write and sing Man tz'u 慢詞 at the end of the 14th century. As a matter of fact, the documents of Yü Chi 虞集, Chang Chu 張翥 Ku Tê-hui 顧德輝, Yang Wei-chên 楊維楨 Wang Hsing 王行 and others tell us that the music of Tz'u poetry was sill transmitted in Chiang-Nan district during the 14th century.