ブータンにおけるサキャ派仏教

Abstract

[Background] Present religious majority in Bhutan is undoubtedly the 'Brug pa bka' brgyud school and the Rnying ma pa school. However, we must not forget that various schools such as the Sa skya pa school and Dge lugs pa school also existed after the end of the 10th century, i.e., during the "second missionary period" (bstan pa phyi dar). What happened to the other schools' influence in Bhutan? [Aim] The objective of this paper is to clarify the history and current situation of the Sa skya pa school among religious minorities in Bhutan. [Method] The paper analyzes historical descriptions of Bhutanese Sa skya pa school in Bhutanese chronicles. The paper also introduces the current situation of the following three old Sa skya pa monasteries in Bhutan which I have investigated since 2011. (1) Pang yul dgon pa (Wandue Phodrang prefecture) (2) Shar ba dgon pa (Wandue Phodrang prefecture) (3) Spyi zhing dgon pa(Thimphu prefecture) [Result] This paper proves that the tradition of the Sa skya pa school continued to exist until recently in several monasteries in Bhutan. The Sa skya pa monks returned to Tibet after the Tibet Rebellion (1959), and with that the entire Sa skya pa tradition ended in Bhutan, leaving only the monasteries themselves.