住宅外形の数量化による「豪華さ」のイメージ予測

Abstract

住宅のイメージ, 特に「豪華な」イメージと関連する住宅外形の特徴の数量化を行うため, まず, ここ30年余に販売された住宅の写真及びその線画によるイメージ調査を行い, その結果をうまく説明できる住宅外形の特徴量を種々考えてみた。ハウス・メーカーは, 年代とともにより「豪華な」「住みたい」イメージの住宅を販売する傾向があり, その結果, より複雑な外形の住宅を年々提案することになる。複雑な住宅ほど, 線画化された外形の交点数が多くなる傾向があり, 交点数と「豪華な」「住みたい」との関係を調べた結果, これらの間に相関係数0. 81, 0. 79と高い相関のあることが明らかとなった。また, これとは異なる数量化法として, 直方体数Bとバルコニーや出窓, ドーマーなどの大型装飾パーツ種類数Dを用いて表す方法を考え, 「豪華さ」Gの予測式として, G=0. 72B+1. 93D-3. 43 を提案した。一方, 「洋風な」イメージは直方体数B及び屋根数Rとは負の相関にあり, 「洋風な」のイメージEの予測式として次式 E=-0. 74B-0. 76R+5. 17 を提案した。

Prediction of psychological images of houses, for example, "gorgeous", "like to live in", "modern" and "European style" were tried using some numerical characteristics of the exterior forms of houses. Questionnaires using 25 photo samples of houses sold in recent 30 years were distributed. Samples of line drawing of the same houses of photo samples were also used to make it clear the effect of exterior form of houses eliminating the influence of texture of walls, garden trees, fences and other factors. The following results were obtained from the questionnaires : The newer the commencing year of sale of a house is, the more "gorgeous", more "like to live in" and more "modern" a house becomes. The more the number of intersections of a line drawn house, the more "gorgeous" a house becomes. The coefficient of correlation was high as o.81. Other numerical characteristics of exterior form of houses were developed to predict "gorgeous" image, for example, number of constituting boxes(bigger than a room) of houses B, number of roofs(except flat roofs) R, number of kinds of large decorative portions D, for example, dormers, chimneys, bow windows, verandah and so on. The proposed formula for prediction of "gorgeous" image G was as follows ; G=0.72B+1.93D-3.43 "Like to live in" image had high correlation with "gorgeous" image. On the other hand, prediction formula of "European style" image E was as follows ; E=-0.74B-0.76R+5.17