自閉症スペクトラム障害型の“リアリティのなさ”に関する文献展望

Abstract

This paper presents a literature review regarding the "lack of reality, " which is characteristic of narratives and dreams of individuals with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and other developmental issues. This type of "lack of reality" is different from either dissociative symptoms or "false self." It is usually not felt by the subject him/herself, but felt by other people as if he/she were pretending. A literature review revealed that previous theories on "lack of reality" fall into three categories: "Lack of reality" means (1) that object is not external or public, (2) that subject's reality is not constructed by symbolic order, and thus symbolic order is not supported by otherness, and (3) that reality is not created by soul. This review enables therapists to assess client's "lack of reality" not only with the therapists' naive senses, but also from a theoretical basis.