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タイトル: | Cultural differences in ant-dipping tool length between neighbouring chimpanzee communities at Kalinzu, Uganda |
著者: | Koops, Kathelijne Schöning, Caspar Isaji, Mina Hashimoto, Chie |
著者名の別形: | 橋本, 千絵 |
発行日: | 22-Jul-2015 |
出版者: | Nature Publishing Group |
誌名: | Scientific Reports |
巻: | 5 |
論文番号: | 12456 |
抄録: | Cultural variation has been identified in a growing number of animal species ranging from primates to cetaceans. The principal method used to establish the presence of culture in wild populations is the method of exclusion. This method is problematic, since it cannot rule out the influence of genetics and ecology in geographically distant populations. A new approach to the study of culture compares neighbouring groups belonging to the same population. We applied this new approach by comparing ant-dipping tool length between two neighbouring communities of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda. Ant-dipping tool length varies across chimpanzee study sites in relation to army ant species (Dorylus spp.) and dipping location (nest vs. trail). We compared the availability of army ant species and dipping tool length between the two communities. M-group tools were significantly longer than S-group tools, despite identical army ant target species availabilities. Moreover, tool length in S-group was shorter than at all other sites where chimpanzees prey on epigaeic ants at nests. Considering the lack of ecological differences between the two communities, the tool length difference appears to be cultural. Our findings highlight how cultural knowledge can generate small-scale cultural diversification in neighbouring chimpanzee communities. |
著作権等: | © 2015, Nature Publishing Group. All rights reserved. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2433/216147 |
DOI(出版社版): | 10.1038/srep12456 |
PubMed ID: | 26198006 |
出現コレクション: | 学術雑誌掲載論文等 |
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