中國共產黨による黨史資料編纂の歩み : 一九五〇年代の雜誌『黨史資料』を手がかりに

Abstract

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) began to systematically collect materials on Party history in the late 1920s. In the so-called Yan'an Period, from the middle of 1930s to the middle of 1940s, some important collections of Party documents, such as the Liuda yiqian 六大以前 (Documents of the CCP Before Its 6th Congress) and the Liuda yilai 六大以来 (Documents of the CCP Since Its 6th Congress) were compiled in rapid succession under the leadership of Mao Zedong, and hereby the compilation of historical materials of the Party was subject to strong political influence. After the establishment of the PRC, collection and compilation of the Party materials was taken over by the Party History Materials Office (党史資料室), a special organization that was set up in 1951 under the Propaganda Department of the CCP. The actual head of the office was Li Shu (黎澍), a well-known modern Chinese historian. The Party Historical Materials Office published a total of 24 issues of the inner-party periodical Party History Materials (党史資料) for four years until 1955, and provided high-level Party leaders with many kinds of historical materials. It is important to note here that the editors of the periodical, because of the political restrictions at that time, introduced some intentional falsifications when they reprinted important materials. Examples of this are the memoir on the first Party Congress originally written by Chen Tanqiu (陳潭秋) in 1936 for the official organ of Comintern, and Chen Yun's (陳雲) report on the Long March, "A Heroic Trek" (英勇的西征), written originally in 1935 under the pen name of Shi-ping (施平). More specifically, it should be noted that, when the Party History Materials reprinted Chen Yun's report, the editors, without any mention, added an additional phrase about the Zunyi Conference : "In Zunyi, the Chinese Communist Party held an enlarged meeting of the politburo, which was endowed with great historical meaning". We should not overlook the falsifications that the Party History Materials introduced more than a half century ago in the early 1950s as a matter of the distant past. The reason is that some historical materials that the Party History Materials had falsified are continually being reprinted even now. Unfortunately, the official Party historiographers today are ingenuously reproducing those falsified materials because they know little about the circumstances under which their predecessors were obliged to operate in the 1950s. As a result, for example, both Chen Tanqiu's memoir and Chen Yun's report now in circulation are still the falsified editions of the Party History Materials. In this sense, far from being "an ancient periodical, " Party History Materials is itself important historical material that is of great use in discussing the current state of the historiography of the CCP. In addition, this article provides a list of the table of contents of all issues of the Party History Materials.