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タイトル: | Effect of the COMT Val158Met genotype on lateral prefrontal activations in young children |
著者: | Moriguchi, Yusuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9002-7834 (unconfirmed) Shinohara, Ikuko |
著者名の別形: | 森口, 佑介 篠原, 郁子 |
発行日: | Sep-2018 |
出版者: | John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
誌名: | Developmental Science |
巻: | 21 |
号: | 5 |
論文番号: | e12649 |
抄録: | Low executive function (EF) during early childhood is a major risk factor for developmental delay, academic failure, and social withdrawal. Susceptible genes may affect the molecular and biological mechanisms underpinning EF. More specifically, genes associated with the regulation of prefrontal dopamine may modulate the response of prefrontal neurons during executive control. Several studies with adults and older children have shown that variants of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene are associated with behavioral performance and prefrontal activations in EF tasks. However, the effect of the COMT genotype on prefrontal activations during EF tasks on young children is still unknown. The present study examined whether a common functional polymorphism (Val158Met) in the COMT gene was associated with prefrontal activations and cognitive shifting in 3- to 6-year-old children. The study revealed that, compared with children with at least one Met allele (Met/Met and Met/Val), children who were Val homozygous (i) were more able to flexibly switch rules in cognitive shifting tasks and (ii) exhibited increased activations in lateral prefrontal regions during these tasks. This is the first evidence that demonstrates the relationship between a gene polymorphism and prefrontal activations in young children. It also indicates that COMT Val homozygosity may be advantageous for cognitive shifting and prefrontal functions, at least during early childhood, and children who possess this variant may have a lower risk of developing future cognitive and social development issues. |
記述: | 子どもの自制心、遺伝的影響が見え始めるのは5歳頃から --子どもの資質を考慮した発達支援を目指して--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2018-01-05. The JSPS (JP16H05956) and the JST PRESTO program |
著作権等: | © 2018 The Authors. Developmental Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2433/228368 |
DOI(出版社版): | 10.1111/desc.12649 |
PubMed ID: | 29314589 |
関連リンク: | https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/research-news/2018-01-05 |
出現コレクション: | 学術雑誌掲載論文等 |
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