火山噴出物の放出に伴う災害の軽減に関する総合的研究

Abstract

As archipelago country, Indonesia contains over 127 active volcanoes. Volcanic eruptions produce many kinds of material, such as volcanic ash, pyroclastic flow and lava flows. The volcanic products completely destroy their deposit area and volcanic ash is widely dispersed beyond borders of countries. In addition, deposited volcanic ash induces lahars triggered by heavy rain and the lahars cover not only neighboring of volcanoes but also distant place from the volcanoes. Furthermore, the slope of volcanoes is eroded by the lahars and multimodal sediment disaster is induced such as shallow landslide, deep landslide, flush flood and so on. Indonesia is one of the highest risk countries, which are suffered by such multimodal disasters generating by volcanic eruptions. We are conducting a project "Integrated study on mitigation of multimodal disasters caused by ejection of volcanic products" under SATREPS (Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development) to solve the problems. (1)Total observation system to mitigate multimodal disasters induced by volcanic eruptions. The total system is composed of instruments to monitor ground movement of volcanoes, weather and sediment movement. X-band MP radar is a core part of the system and is used for monitoring not only local heavy rain but also volcanic ash cloud. (2) Early warning system of volcanic eruptions based on prediction and real-time estimation of discharge rate of volcanic products. (3) Early warning system of multimodal sediment disaster. The main engine of the system is an integrated GIS based simulators for multimodal sediment, such as pyroclastic flow, lava flow, mud flow, flush flood and so on. (4) Early warning system of volcanic ash. A threshold level for the early warming will be proposed. (5) Finally above mentioned system will be integrated into Support system of decision making for mitigation of multimodal disasters.