<研究ノート>「マルチレベルアプローチ」の理論と実践 --教育相談を中核とした日本版包括的生徒指導プログラム--

Abstract

This report is about the theory and practice of the Japanese comprehensive school guidance and counseling approach (CSGCA) called "Multi-level Approach (MLA)" in Japan. Issues surround Japanese children may be similar to other countries, school violence, bullies, aggression, school refusal, etc. In addition to this, the backgrounds of Japanese children are becoming very complicated and diverse. Under this situation, Japanese government will take new actions called "School as a team". This action aim to collaborate with some experts to intervene more effectively, and enable us to do this, the coordinator of school guidance and counseling plays an important role. MLA is one of the useful practice of the "School as a team" and school guidance and counseling coordinator. MLA is 3-tiered school guidance and counseling approach like CSGCA, and it is clarified the objective of intervention of each tiers. The first tier applies to all students, and aims to train the students grow stronger. The second tier aim to build relationship through many activities like collaborative learning and peer support program which is also applies to all students. The third tier is for students with intensive support needs, and teachers cooperate to give support for them. In the approach, many interventions are developed based on the assessment of students and school needs. In Japan, there are only few practices of CSGCA, so MLA is effective for children's school life, and teacher training is also important for the execution of MLA.