State Socialist Movement in Japan during the Early 1930s: Focusing on the Nazi Party and the "Fascism" Debates

Abstract

This examination considered how the state socialist affected the social movement of the same period and the reorganization of proletarian parties, and how aimed at the expansion of their social movement, through they discussed Nazi party and "fascism". This examination offers new perspectives for the previous research of the corresponding field, and there are three arguments presented in this article. First, state socialist who sympathized with Nazi party's way of thinking and willingly introduced literature on Nazi party to Japan ahead of the times, intended to criticize blindly-motivated patriotism by pointing out that Nazi regarded the nation only as a measure for the prosperity of the ethnic groups. Secondly, it should be noted that state socialist movement not only criticized communist's "fascism" theory but also tried to affect the social movement of the same period through their own "fascism" theory. Lastly, the state socialist movement did not tolerate the Italian fascism and Nazism. State socialist criticized both of them for being "national capitalism". He looked out for the extension of the "regulatory control" function of the "state" not only in the economic, but also in the social arena. He worried that this would bring the substantial expansion and reinforcement of "state" power: political power.