Diabatic and adiabatic transitions between Floquet states imprinted in coherent exciton emission in monolayer WSe₂

Abstract

Floquet engineering is a promising way of controlling quantum system with photon-dressed states on an ultrafast time scale. So far, the energy structure of Floquet states in solids has been intensively investigated. However, the dynamical aspects of the photon-dressed states under ultrashort pulse have not been explored yet. Their dynamics become highly sensitive to the driving field transients, and thus, understanding them is crucial for ultrafast manipulation of a quantum state. Here, we observed the coherent exciton emission in monolayer WSe₂ at room temperature at the appropriate photon energy and the field strength of the driving light pulse using high-harmonic spectroscopy. Together with numerical calculations, our measurements revealed that the coherent exciton emission spectrum reflects the diabatic and adiabatic dynamics of Floquet states of excitons. Our results provide a previosuly unexplored approach to Floquet engineering and lead to control of quantum materials through pulse shaping of the driving field.