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Title: On the Cutting Mechanism for Soft Metals
Authors: OKUSHIMA, Keiji
HITOMI, Katsundo
Issue Date: 1957
Publisher: Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University
Journal title: Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Start page: 135
End page: 166
Abstract: By orthogonal dry cutting of soft metals such as lead and Lipowitz alloy in low velocity with a specially designed cutting test equipment, the authors recognized the existence of the transitional region (to be called the "flow region" in this paper) between the rigid region of the workpiece and the plastic region of the steady chip and it should be taken into consideration in the theoretical analysis of cutting mechanism instead of the single shear plane. ln this case the connecting line between the uncut surface of the workpiece and the back side of the chip is round. The flow region associated with a simple continuous chip changes in shape and size according to cutting conditions, and sometimes periodically under the same cutting condition. One of the most important factors affecting the size of the flow region seems to be the cutting velocity : the higher the velocity, the narrower becomes the flow region because of the localization of flow. Also in the case of a discontinuous chip, there exists a flow region during formation of one chip fragment. A fracture appears to occur on some surface near the ending boundary in the flow region where it is the easiest to slip, and is convex upwards. Then, taking this range into consideration, the deformation figures of grid lattice are drawn by deriving the general expression of chip deformation under some assumptions. Further, the authors have observed the square grid deformation under the machined surface ; that is, the grid lines formerly perpendicular to the uncut surface are bent somewhat exponentially to the cutting direction, the degree of which is remarkable with dull cutting edges. The chip-curl phenomenon in some cases is caused by the action of stress distribution at the tool-chip interface without temperature distribution in the flow region, and in this connection the tool-chip interface length depends remarkably upon the affinity characteristics between tool- and workpiece materials.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2433/280381
Appears in Collections:Vol.19 No.2

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