<論文>ダカニー・ウルドゥー語の詩人ヌスラティー

Abstract

The 17[th] century court poet Nuṣratī of the Bījāpur Kingdom in the Deccan is considered a prominent poet in Dakanī Urdu. In the prologue and epilogue of his Sufi love romance The Garden of Love (Gulšan-i ‘Išq) composed in 1658 AD, Nuṣratī praises his patron, King ‘Alī ‘Ādil Šāh II, and the King’s grandfather, Ibrāhīm ‘Ādil Šāh II, who had innovated arts and culture in Bījāpur, and also King ‘Alī II’s stepmother and regent, Queen Xadījah Sulṭānah : all three contributed to the promotion of Dakanī poetry to its zenith. These passages of praise offer us a glimpse into the cultural atmosphere of contemporary Bījāpur. Nuṣratī also relates a personal incident in which he was encouraged by his literary friends to compose this romance for the refinement and perfection of the Dakanī language. The Garden of Love was an adaptation of the Avadhi romance Madhumālatī (composed 1545 AD) by the poet Manjhan. Besides this, Nuṣratī describes his attitude toward writing in the Dakanī language and his manner of blending Persian and Indian styles of poetry. The manuscript of this romance contains some pieces of information suggesting the existence of female readers in harems. In the appendix, we have translated, as a sample, his inimitably eloquent description of the sea voyage on the ship and various forms of aquatic life.