Future projections of the impacts of global warming and urban planning on the thermal environments under hot-humid and hot-dry climate conditions in Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

In this study, future (the 2030s and 2050s) urban climate projections in Jakarta, Indonesia, were performed using dynamical downscaling simulations. We particularly focused on the impacts of global warming and urban planning on the urban thermal environment in the future projections. The 2030 city master plan for Jakarta was introduced as the future urban planning. In addition, for each of the two target periods, the projections under hot-humid and hot-dry climate conditions, which were selected based on a climate analysis conducted using a reanalysis data (the ERA5 data), were conducted.