イギリスのホール・スクール・アプローチに関する一考察 : 1980年代のインテグレーションをめぐる議論に焦点を当てて

Abstract

From the late seventies to the eighties, there were active arguments on integration. This was in consequence to the criticism against segregated education. In England, the Whole School Approach developed due to this argument on integration. This paper explores how the Whole School Approach should be related to integration. As a result of development of integration, there appeared some problems. The one problem was that it was very difficult to provide individual help and whole class teaching at the same time in the ordinary class. And the other problem was that there happened some kind of confusion around teachers in the class. To overcome these problems and realize integration, it is essential to organize whole class teaching and all kind of support. That is the Whole School Approach. For example, support teaching, which represents the practice of the Whole School Approach, can not only overcome negative influence of segregation such as withdrawal, but also overcome the practical problem of integration. Thus, the Whole School Approach is essential point of view to develop integration.