幼児の日常場面に見られる自己調整機能の発達 : エピソードからの考察

Abstract

This study describes self-regulative behaviors in young children, which are observed in their daily lives, and attempts to explain their developmental changes. Thirty-five 3 to 6-year-olds of the same class in a kindergarten were observed once a week for two years. Episodes about their self-regulative behaviors were classified into four categories; success of self-inhibition, failure of self-inhibition, success of self-assertion, and failure of self-assertion. One typical case was described and examined in each category at 3-4, 4-5, and 5-6 years of age. In conclusion, it is suggested that there are three phases in self-regulative behavior in young children. The first one is the impulse-centered phase, which is observed in 3 to 4-years-olds. The second is the conflict phase in which children's impulses and learned social rules conflict, and observed in 4 to 5-year-olds. The last one is the integration phase in which their impulses and rules are integrated, and observed in 5 to 6-year-olds.