中国における土壌浸食の現状と原因 : 西北及び長江中上流地域を中心に

Abstract

This paper discussed the present serious situation of the soil erosion in China and the natural, economical and political reasons, with focusing on the two typical serious areas: northwestern China and the up & mid drainage Area of Yangtze River. In these two areas, the serious soil erosion is caused endogenously by the fragility of the natural environment, such as the non-plain geographical feature and the bad climate. For the fragility of the natural environment, forest resource and other agricultural lands should be protected and be used carefully. However, foresters, farmers and even the governments did not realize the importance and did not pay enough attention to them until the middle 1990s. There are many specific reasons and backgrounds for this. For example, the pressure of the increasing large population, an universal lack of forestprotection consciousness, and the mistakes of the agricultural policies included the onesided grain production boosting policy and insufficient government investments in forest and pasture protection.