カントの『神の現存在の論証』における「良識」と「形而上学」に関する思考法 : 批判期道徳哲学の「良識」と「哲学」に関する思考法への萌芽

Abstract

There is a contrast between common sense and metaphysics in Immanuel Kant's The One Possible Basis for a Demonstration of the Existence of God (1762). The knowledge that there is a God does not rest upon metaphysical inquiry. Common sense is sufficient for this awareness. Nevertheless, Kant developed metaphysical theory because metaphysics could explain much more. There is a contrast between common understanding and philosophy in Groundwork of The metaphysic of morals (1785). In moral matters, common understanding can easily be brought to a high degree of correctness and accomplishment. Furthermore, there is no need for philosophy to know what one has to do in order to be honest and good, and even wise and virtuous. Still, Kant explicated philosophic moral principles in order to protect common understanding itself. The intellectual framework of common understanding and philosophy in Groundwork of The metaphysic of morals originated in Kant's construct of common sense and metaphysics in 1762. Thus, Kant's thinking about common sense and metaphysics developed into his philosophy of common understanding.