高齢者の階段下降時における注視による転落転倒危険の視認 : 高齢者，中年者，若年者の注視点停留分析による比較

Abstract

The aim of this study was to inspect visual recognition of steps risky for falling from stationary analysis of fixation points of elderly by using Eye Mark Recorder while they were descending stairs. In any age groups recognition rates of risky points tended to be high in the vicinity of the initial step which came in descending stairs from a top plane and to be low according to approaching the ground. In middle-aged the rates were high in comparison with both old-aged and young-aged and middle-aged had a tendency to recognize visually risky steps. In young-aged the rates were gradually dropping from the first step to the half landing and were the lowest at the half landing. At the first stepfrom the half landing the rates were again the highest and thereafter were gradually dropping and were the lowest just prior to landing the ground. The results showed that the rates of old-aged were lower than that of middle-aged and tended to be near to that of young-aged. In comparison with the rates between elderly fallers and elderly non-fallers there were no significant differences in both groups. In both fallers and non-fallers the rates were high at the first step followed from the topp lane but changes in the rates of elderly fallers were nearer to that of young-aged than that of middle-aged. However there were 7 steps (21.2%) which elderly fallers did not recognize visually at all, but there was not a stepat all that elderly non-fallers did not.