梁山泊物語の成立について : 「水滸傳」成立前史

Abstract

Song Jiang 宋江 lived in the last period of Bei Song 北宋, and immediately China was divided in Jin 金 and Nan Song 南宋. Therefore, Liangshanbo 梁山泊 stories must have developed in Jin and Nang Song separately. Liangshanbo lies in the territory of Jin, so we can suppose that in Jin, the story of Liangshanbo must be connected with the area. It can be cofirmed from the contents of Yuan zaju 元雜劇. On the other hand, in Nan Song, it seems that the Liangshanbo stories developed in the entertainments played in Lin'an 臨安. We can find the story of Yang Zhi 楊志 and Lu Zhishen 魯智深 in the list of the storytellings which was played in Lin`an, and it seems that they were connected with the general Yang Cunzhong 楊存中 who managed the entertainment district of Lin`an about a blood relative/shared territorial bonding. The entertainment district of Lin`an was established for the soldiers from th northen terriory, so we have every reason to believe that the northern stories developed in Lin'an. Actual Yang Zhi was the bandit of Mt. Taihang 太行山 and fought against the armed forces of Jin later. We can presume that the story seen in Da Song Xuanhe yishi 大宋宣和遺事 was formed by tying the story of Yang Zhi in the Mt. Taihang to the story of Song Jiang 宋江, and it became the prototype of Shuihuzhuan 水滸傳.