嚢胞腎の進行性腎障害に対する泌尿器科的対応

Abstract

Urological procedures for progressive renal dysfunction due to polycystic kidney disease (PKD) such as percutaneous puncture of renal cysts are merely symptomatic treatments and have little effect on renal function. At present, the two most effective methods of preventing renal dysfunction are blood pressure management and dietetic therapy, which are more effective with early initiation. Moreover, as PKD is an autosomal dominant disease, there is a high risk that family members of the patient may have asymptomatic PKD. It is essential to identify and treat such potential patients at an early stage in order to prevent progressive renal dysfunction. In place of the traditional nephrectomy, we attempted transcutaneous renal arterial embolization (TRAE) for hemorrhage into renal cysts, hematuria and obstruction of intestine due to proliferation of cysts after the introduction of hemodialysis. When TRAE was carried out on one kidney, the cysts in the other kidney proliferated and even though the renal arteries were completely embolized, it required 5 to 6 weeks for the kidney to contract. Our conclusions are TRAE is effective with no adverse reactions for PKD. These results suggest that in the future TRAE may become the preferred treatment for PKD in place of nephrectomy.