前立腺癌の早期診断 Radioimmunoassayを用いた前立腺性酸フォスファターゼ測定と前立腺超音波検査

Abstract

Thirty-seven patients with prostatic cancer who were treated at our clinic during 5 years from May 1975 to May 1980 were reviewed. A study was made with emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness of transrectal ultrasonotomography and the measurement of serum prostatic acid phosphatase by radioimmunoassay, which was compared with that of enzyme assay (Penyl phosphate). 1. Ultrasonographic diagnosis agreed with histological results for 27 (90%) of 30 cases. Of 8 cases which could not be diagnosed by any other examination, 6 cases were suspected or established the diagnosis of prostatic cancer by transrectal ultrasonotomography. This examination showed its possibility to diagnose early cancer of the prostate. 2. Serum from 15 patients with prostatic cancer and 52 patients without prostatic cancer were studied by radioimmunoassay (GammaDab(R)/radioimmunoassay Kit) and enzyme assay using penylphosphate. When the upper limit for radioimmunoassay was set at 1.64 ng/ml (mean +2S.D.) from the patients without prostatic cancer, 2 untreated cases showed positive for radioimmunoassay test though their enzyme assay were false-negative. One case was an intracapsular prostatic cancer. The other was an advanced prostatic cancer with bone metastasis. The assay of the recurrent or treating patients (measured a week after the beginning of treatment) were also the same result. We conclude that immunological detection of prostatic acid phosphatase is more reliable technique than enzyme assay.