Radioimmunoassay法によるProstatic Acid Phosphatase測定の臨床的検討について

Abstract

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAPase) activities were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay developed by Eiken Co. in 18 patients with untreated prostate cancer, 19 patients with prostate cancer under treatment, 80 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 15 patients with cancer of the other organs (3 patients with renal cell cancer, 5 patients with bladder cancer and 7 patients with hepatic cancer) and normal male and female subjects. Mean PAPase values were 2.45± 1.73ng/ml in 8 patients with untreated prostate cancer at stages T, and T 2, 25.41 ±22.49ng/ml in 10 patients with untreated prostate cancer at stages T3 and T4, 1.03±0.57 ng/m1 in 8 patients with prostate cancer at stages T1 and T2 under treatment, 8.26± 12.33ng/ml in 11 patients with prostate 'cancer at stages T3 and T4 under treatment, 1.67 ± 1.27ng/ml in 80 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 1.38±0.48 ng/ml in 15 patients with cancer of the other organs and 1.44±0.60 ng/m1 in 16 normal male and female subjects. PAPase values were significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer at stages T3 and T4 than those in the other groups. Furthermore, PAPase values were significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer at stage T, and T2 than those in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, patients with cancer of the other organs and normal male and female subjects. When 3ng/ml was regarded as the upper limit of normal PAPase, 2 out of the 8 patients with prostate cancer at stages T1 and T2, and 7 out of the 10 patients with prostate cancer at stages T3 and T4 showed a positive reaction. False positive results were seen in none of the patients with cancer of the other organs and in none of the normal male and female subjects, but were seen in 7 out of the 80 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. In addition, PAPase values were determined by radioimmunoassay in 166 males over 50-years-old of whom serum specimens were obtained by the resident health examination in S village. From the results obtained, determination of PAPase by radioimmunoassay was considered useful in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, especially as a mass screening test for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.