『吟窗雜録』小考--詩學文獻としての性格を探る試み

Abstract

The Yinchuang Zalu is a digest of the poetic documents in medieval China. All of its extant editions contain the line, 'edited by Zhuang-yuan Chen Yingxing' 狀元陳應行編. Chen was a scholar of the Southern Song 南宋. But no one has discovered the contemporary description that he won the first place in the imperial examinations for government employment 科擧. As amatter of fact, in the Song 宋 era, there were also special 'facilitated degreees' which was called tezouming jinshi 特奏名進士. It was given to elderly multiple repeaters of the jinshi-ke 進士科 examination, who were given a separate and easier palace examination. Some local history books which were compiled in the Ming 明 period show us that Chen Yingxing passed first in this examination in 1175. According to the fragmentary materials, the facts about Chen which we can point out are as follows : 1. He was from Jian-an 建安, and had government post in Quanzhou 泉州. These two places belonged to Fujian-lu 福建路. 2. He related to pubilication for many years. When he was a government official, some books were published by him. 3. He occupied a position among the literati in his local area. The most of the documents which the Yinchuang-Zalu contains are Shi-ge 詩格 (criticism of poetical syntax). This book may have been published as a manual of versification. In 12th century, the publishing business in Fujian had been considerably developed. I argue that Chen Yingxing was very likely to be a specialist in publication. If it is so, the contents of the Yinchuang-Zalu were influenced by the necessities for commerce.