清代咸豊朝における淮南鹽政

Abstract

When the revolting army of the Tai-ping-tien-kuo (太平天國) occupied the valley of the Yang-tzu (揚子), the distribution of salt was stopped in such important areas sa Hu-pei (湖北), Hu-nan (湖南) and Chiang-hsi (江西) and the inhabitants were suffering from the lack of salt. The Government endeavoured to enforce the merchants or to assume the policy to distribute the salt, but in vain. Taking advantage of it, the black markets were opened and the monopoly income from salt of the Government was greatly decreased. At the same time, however, the Government was overburdened with the military expences to check the revolts and imposed a tax upon the salt which was traded among these black markets. This tax was called yen-Ii (鹽釐), and was extended henceforward on a nation-wide scale.