それぞれの真正性 - タール沙漠・楽士集団マーンガニヤールの「伝統」と「モダニティ」をめぐる一考察 -

Abstract

This paper presents a basic framework to grasp the contemporary situation with which musical or performance communities of Thar Desert (of Rajasthan), especially Manganiyars, confront. The economic and social structure in Thar Desert has been rapidly transforming in these several decades after this area being globally recognized as „Touristic‟ and „Romantic‟ place. In such situation which can be called „modernization‟ or „globalization‟, the people in midst of the change „react to‟ and „negotiate with‟ the severe circumstances. Based on the social relationship and mode of living of the musical communities, I propose a classification model which categorizes them into three types --namely 'Traditional Cluster', 'Tourism Cluster' and 'Global Cluster', to comprehend their social situation. Besides, the last part of the paper shows the content of 'authenticity' claimed by each cluster and their own ways of negotiation with the 'modernity'.