明代の預備倉と社倉

Abstract

For the Lung-ch'ing (隆慶) and the Wan-li (萬曆) eras, the system of She-ts'ang was established to displace the declining Yu-pei-ts'ang system. Both were for the relief of the destitute, the old system was public, but the new one civil. This change runs parallel with the antecedent change from the Li-chia (里甲) system to the Hsiang-yueh (鄉約) Pao-chia (保甲) system in the rural organization, and it is thought that the Yu-pei-ts'ang system functioned in co-operation with the Ch'ang-p'ing-ts'ang (常平倉), Lin-ch'ing-ts'ang (臨清倉) and Te-chou-ts'ang (德州倉).