淸代雍正朝における通貨問題

Abstract

Since the begining of the Ch'ing (清) dynasty till the middle of the Ch'ien-lung (乾隆) period, which included the Yung-cheng period, the price of money tended to go up in general due to the lack of Chih-ch'ien (制錢). This shortage rose because the net price of raw copper, inported from Japan, was higher than the par price of Chih-ch'ien and it was illegally melted to product T'ung-kuo (銅鍋) or Yen-tai (煙袋). The lower officials and the soldiers were paid a salary with Chih-ch'ien, their housekeeping being on a small-scale like that of the peasants and requiring this. To secure the copper materials for Chih-ch'ien, the government intensified its prohibitions on the use of copper, while it began to mine copper in Yun-nan (雲南) province. Such a policy, created in the Yung-cheng period, gradually proved fruitful in the next Ch'ien-lung period and strengthened the stand of the dynasty.