尹根壽と陸光祖--中朝間の朱陸問答 (特集 東アジア史の中での韓國・朝鮮史)

Abstract

Yun Geun-su 尹根壽 was involved in arguments with Lu Guangzu 陸光祖 over the differences between the Zhu and Lu 朱陸 (or Zhu and Wang 朱王) schools in the 21th year of the Myeong-jong 明宗 era (Jiajing 嘉靖 45 or 1566) during his mission to Beijing as Bu-yeon envoy 赴燕使. The contents of the arguments are recorded in the "Zhu-Lu ron-nan" 朱陸論難 chapter of the Ueol-jeong jip 月汀集. Yun Geun-su argued from a position firmly grounded in the school of Zhuxi and criticized the Lu-Wang school. In contrast, Lu Guangzu took the opposite side, affirming the Lu-Wang school and criticized the school of Zhuxi. During the reign of Seon-jo 宣祖 in the period between the Japanese invasions of the Im-sin oaeran 壬辰倭亂 and Jeong-yu jae-ran 丁酉再亂, there were some who came from China to Joseon and who had been involved in Zhu-Lu or Zhu-Wang disputations, and there were also those who gone to China from Joseon as Bu-yeon envoys who had participated in similar disputes with those from the Chinese side. They included (1) Yu Seong-ryo 柳成龍, who was the Seo-sang goan 書状官 (official secretary) of the Seong-jeol sa 聖節使 embassy of the second year of the reign of Seon-jo (1569), (2) Heo-bong 許篈, who was the Seo-sang goan of Seong-jeol sa embassy of seventh year of the reign of Seon-jo (1574), (3) Huang Hongxian 黄洪憲 and Wang Jingmin 王敬民 who were emissaries in the 15th year of Seon-jo (1582), (4) Song Yingchang 宋應昌 who was Jinglue-Chaoxian 經略朝鮮 in the 26th year of the reign of Seon-jo (1593), and (5) Yuan Huang 袁黄 who was Jinglue zanhua 經略贊畫 in the 26th year of the reign of Seon-jo (1593). In each of these cases a common pattern is visible: those from the Chinese side displayed their admiration of the school of Lu-Wang and those from the Joseon side had absolute faith in the school of Zhuxi and rejected Lu-Wang thought. In this respect, the "Zhu-Lu ron-nan" was exactly the same. However, the "Zhu-Lu ron-nan" recorded what was among the first disputations on the Zhu-Lu schools between the two countries, and it was also superior in terms of the quality and quantity of its contents. In addition, it was, along with the work of I-hoang 李滉, one of the earliest critiques of the Lu Wang school in Joseon. Moreover, Lu Guangzu was a top official, who served as Minister of Ministry of Personnel 吏部尚書, and although he was an important figure in the political history of the Ming, little light has been shed on the content of his thought. In his secondary collection known as the Lu Zhuang-gong yigao 陸莊簡公遺稿 one sees fragmentary evidence that indicate a relationship with Buddhist thought and that of Wang Yangming, but the truth of his belief in the Yangming school is unclear. On the basis of the existence of the Joseon source "Zhu-Lu ron-nan, " it has become possible to elucidate the theoretical position of Lu Guanzu. For this reason also the value of the "ZhuLu ron-nan" is particularly high.