民生主義をめぐる民報と新民叢報の論爭 (上)

Abstract

The merging of revolutionary groups and the upsurge in calls for revolution which resulted from the establishment of the Zhongguo tongmeng hui 中國同盟會 were a grave threat to Kang Youwei 康有爲, Liang Qiqiao 梁啓超, and other reformists who preferred gradual reform under the aegis of the Qing 清 dynasty. Consequently there was a fierce controversy between Min-bao 民報, the Tongmenghui organ, and Xin-min tsong bao, which represented the reformers' standpoint, about the propriety of their political lines. This article singles out from the many bases of controversy Sun Wen's 孫文 Principle of People's Livelihood (minsheng zhuyi 民生主義) and the necessity of a "social revolution" which accompanied it, in order to examine the political attitudes and roles of the revolutionaries and the reformers in this period and the position of the Principle of People's Livelihood within the revolutionary group. The first part of the article reviews the general course of the controversy, and the latter part sorts out and deals with the specific problems.