ティム―ル朝末期の内訌をめぐって

Abstract

From 1494 till 1500, there were troubles within the Timurid governing class at Samarqand. They had been involved with the princes of the Timurids (mirzas), the amirs sons of the Khwaja Ahrar, and the khans of the Moghuls and Ozbegs ； and this directly caused the fall of the Timurids and the rise of Shaybani Khan Ozbeg. Our investigations of the troubles let us to the following conclusions: 1) The government of the Timurids was supported by two pillars, the amirs and the khajas. The former controlled the nomadic peoples who were charged with military affairs and the latter had a similar relationship to the settled classes who were engaged in economic affairs. 2) The basis of the troubles lay in rivalries among the amirs (for example, a party of the late Ahmad vs. Mahmud, and the Barlas' amirs vs. those of Arghun), while the mirzds were merely their puppets. 3) The character of the amirs had changed when compared to Timur's day ； thus we cannot always term them "patrimonical-nomadic nobles."