「鄕里」の論理 : 六朝貴族杜會のイデオロギー

Abstract

This essay will investigate the essential nature of the system of the Six Dynasties aristocracy through an analysis of the conceptual relationship between the aristocracy and the xiangli society. During the Six Dynasties period, the conception of a xiangli formulated within the consciousness of people was not of a village, but rather of a much broader area. In this xiannli, a characteristic communal order existed. And between the members of this xiangli, a kind of communal relationship was evident. Such relationships and such an order differed completely from the hierarchical order headed by the authority of emperors who were the rulers of the real world. In this xiangli, those who justified the existence of the rulers were the so-called shi 士. The shi therefore always maintained an intimate relationship with the xiangli. But this relationship, rather than being pragmatic, represented a highly idealized concept instead. The hierarchical order of this xiangli.which places the shi at the apex, was established then in this manner once the shi had participated in a society of officials as an official. Thus, while there was a conflict between the order headed by the authority of the emperor and the order headed by the shi, the two could also exist together within a society of officials. In most cases, the latter situation prevailed. It was at such a time that officials who went beyond being officers of an emperor-- namely, aristocratic officials--appeared. This is the essential nature of the Six Dynasties aristocracy.