淸末湖南官僚形成過程について : 經世思想及び政策との關連において

Abstract

In the late Qing Hunan turned out a large number of Han Chinese bureaucrats that played important roles at the Qing court ; one can speak of the formation of a "Hunanese bureaucratic group". In this study I wish to investigate the emergence of this group with point of departure in the group's philosophy of statecraft and concrete policy initiatives. In the first section I study the causes of the fact that so many bureaucrats came from Hunan from the point of view of the history of ideas. I point out that in Hunan there was a strong tradition of the neo-Confucianism initiated by Zhu Xi in the Southern Song and that, combined with ideas of statecraft, this philosophy became systematisized as a statecraft based on yili 義理. In the second section I take up the problem of the rise of the Hunanese bureaucratic group from the point of view of politics. I study the Hunanese bureaucrats' interrelationships based on clan ties, school ties and collegial ties, which originated with the progressive high official, Tao Shu 陶澍, in the Daoguang period. In the third section I investigate the rise of this group in the wake of the Taiping Rebellion and in section four I study the policies of recruitment, administration and finance adopted by Hu Linyi 胡林翼, the son-in-law of Tao Shu, as governor-general of Hubei in this turbulent period. I point out that his administration was inheritor to the legacy of the domestic reforms carried out by Tao Shu and Lin Zexu 林則徐in the Daoguang period.