唐朝の對藩鎭政策について : 河南「順地」化のプロセス

Abstract

In this essay, I have examined how the Tang dynasty coped with the various defense commands in Henan circuit, i.e. those of Henan (河南), Huaixi (淮西), Ziqing (淄青), and Xuanwujun (宣武軍), from the last half of the eighth century to the beginning of the ninth. The commanders and troops of these defense posts maintained a stronghold in the Northeast border area (Youzhou 幽州 and Pinglujun 平盧軍) in the mid-eighth century, and they fought as part of the Tang army during the An Lushan rebellion. However, afterwards, the commanders continued to lead powerful forces in the area between Jiangnan (江南) and Guanzhong (關中) and they became a threat to the Tang government. From the end of the reign of Dai-zong to the "restoration period" of xian-zong, one of the major currents of political history was how the Tang court forced these Military Commissioners to submit to central control. The process can perhaps be described as follows: i) A Military Commissioner who fomented rebellion was subjugated, ii) New Military Commissioners were dispatched from the central government; and iii) The old defense command was partitioned into several new ones, iv) Any remaining forces of the old Military Commissioner were destroyed by the new Military Commissioners. By the beginning of the ninth century, the subjugation of the various defense commands of Henan was complete. The circumstances of "Rampant Defiance of Military Men" that Naito Konan pointed to as bringing about the collapse of the Tang dynasty had disappeared in Henan. I would suggest that this was one of the reasons why the Tang dynasty was able to survive for another 150 years after the An Lushan rebellion.