高麗官僚制度の概觀 : 外官への例調を中心に

Abstract

This essay examines the promotion system in the Koryo 高麗 bureaucracy. Through the analysis of the cemetery inscriptions 墓誌, which give us many materials about official careers, we can schematize the way they are promoted as follows. First, they are qualified as the officials 官員 by virtue of the royal examination 科舉, hereditary status system 恩蔭 or the promotion from the clerks 胥吏. In each case, a court rank (tongjongchik 同正職) is confered on them, but it has nothing to do with actual services. The first position they gain is that of a vice-governor 倅 in the provinces. Serving out their terms, they are promoted to get a position as the officials 流内官 in Capital. And once again, after promoted to the seventh grade 七品 in court ranks, they are transferred to be a governor 守 in the provinces and serve out their terms. Only then are they raised to the status of the ordinary attendant groups at royal court 常參官, and it means they have come into the main stage of the political activities. This scheme above is somewhat too bold, it is true, but will surely offer some key notions to further studies in the bureaucracy during the Koryo dynasty.