周密と道學

Abstract

Zhou Mi 周密, who lived in the transition period from Song 宋 to Yuan 元 and was the author of the Qidongyeyu 齊東野語 the, Guixinzashi 癸辛雜識, and so on, took consistently a critical attitude toward the Neo-Confusian Orthodoxy (Daoxue 道學) of Southern Song 南宋 in his writings, relying on his library and family learning both handed down to him from his great-grandfather, Zhou Mi 周秘, and under the influence of his relatives, the Zhangs 章氏 and the Yangs 楊氏. The Orthodox loathed Zhou Mi and tried to conceal his arguments. The main points of Zhou's criticism were the unrealistic scholarship of the Orthodox and their way of life. In the literary aspect, Zhou Mi belonged to the Suxue 蘇學. It was natural that Zhou Mi, having witnessed the revolution from Song to Yuan, connected the decline of Southern Song with the superficial and conservative orthodox. We can assume that Zhou's criticism was representative of the opinion held by some in his contemporary literary world. In order to place the Zhuzixue 朱子學 adequately in the history of Southern Song, it is necessary to analyse the anti-Orthodox thinkers like Zhou Mi as well as to examine various tides of ideas of Southern Song.