陜甘寧邊區における中國工業合作運動

Abstract

The Chinese Industrial Cooperative Movement (C.I.C.) was an industrial production movement founded to resist the Japanese invasion in August, 1938. It was characterised by having the democratic faction as its nucleus, involving both the Nationalist and the Communist parties and serving as an Anti Japanese United National Front. This study focuses on the background of founding, the development and the significance of the C.I.C. in the Communist Party area in contrast with the Nationalist Party areas, and the results can be summarised as follows: (1) The C.I.C. played an important role in the formation of an industrial base in the Communist Party area. (2) As a United Front Organization it was able to elicit support and coax funds from merchants and landlords. (3) Due to over strong ties with the Communist Party government, in-dependent management by the C.I.C. retroceded to a greater extent than in the Nationalist Party areas. (4) It played an especially important role in the fields of chemicals, papermaking, drugs and other manufactures, and these activities grew to become the major industries of the Communist Party area. (5) It assisted in the great change in the cooperative policy in the Soviet period, and triggered the rectification of the tendency to turn into a consumer cooperative. (6) And this study shows the significant importance of the fact that foreign aid continued to arrive at the Yan'an office of the C.I.C. after 1941 when it ceased to be sent to the Communist Party area.