淸末經世思想における二大潮流 : 科擧・學校制度・經世文編との關蓮において

Abstract

This paper throws light on the ideological development of two great schools of the statecraft thought, from the Opium War to the Revolution of 1911 or early Republican China, referring to the reform of the civil service examination system and the government school administration and to the publication of the collections of writings on statecraft, jingshiwenbian 經世文編. One of the schools was the Gongyang statecraft school 公羊經世學, which was to ha ve the idea of Confucius as an institutional reformer 孔子改制, the other was the yili statecraft school 義理經世學, based on the Song philosophy. Though they were in conflict from the viewpoint of ideology, both of them alike insisted on the learning of practical use to society. After the debacle of the reform movement by the Gongyang school in 1898, the Qing government, using the yili school, made an unsuccessful attempt to consolidate the government ideologies, due to the Revolution. While the warlord Peking government utilized the Gongyang school for some time following the Revolution, from that time onwards Western educational thoughts were popularized. However, the learning of practical use, one of characterisitcs of the statecraft thought during the dynastic period, has continued to date.