オスマン朝統治下カイロの食糧騒動と通貨騒動

Abstract

In this paper, I examine the nature of the popular protests caused by high priced and fiscal upheaval in Ottoman Cairo from the late seventeenth to the first half of the eighteenth century. To do this I draw on the Arabic chronicles, such as Mallawani's Tuhfat al-Ahbab as a source base to focus on the nature and activities of urban popular movements. In addition to analyzing these seventeenth and eighteenth-century popular movements, I compare these with similar movements in Cairo during the Mamluk period. From this comparison, two important matters are clarified. The first concerns the importance of Azhar's role as an intermediary between the Ottoman government and urban populations. The second concerns the emergence of petitions to the government as a new means of popular protest. Both of these developments affected the political climate of Cairo, and in them was revealed the desire of the people to directly express their discontent to the ruling regime. Although much of the nature and activities of popular protest movements in the Ottoman period were similar to those of the Mamluk period, the Ottoman-period protests were more diversified and placed greater emphasis on the identification of a specific member of the ruling regime as a target of protest.