朝鮮における進士概念の變遷

Abstract

The title of 'chinsa', as well as the title of 'saengwon', are used to refer to the students of Songgyungwan, the National Academy of the Choson Dynasty. The title 'chinsa' referred to a successful candidate of the entrance examination on the subject of the poetry, and the title of 'saengwon' referred to successful candidates of the entrance examination on the subject of the Confucian scriptures. However, the question remains as to why the title of 'chinsa', which was that awarded to successful candidates of the civil service examination in China, should be awarded to those who passed the entrance examination for the National Academy in Korea. This paper will attempt to answer this question. First, the original meaning of the term 'chinsa' is explained. Second, the reason why this concept changed to become a title of students at the National Academy will be made clear. Third, the original system of the entrance examination will be explained. Finally, the process wherein the entrance examination for the title of 'chinsa' was established, in addition to that of 'saengwon', will be described. This paper attempts to make clear the complicated relationship between the civil service examination and the entrance examination of the Korean National Academy. This paper concludes that the concept of 'chinsa' changed along with the changes in relations between these two sets of examinations.