香港東華醫院と廣東人ネットワーク : 二十世紀初頭における救災活動を中心に

Abstract

This paper comprises a part of my studies of the history of the Cantonese Network from the late-nineteenth to the early-twentieth century. In this paper I first analyze the structure and the activities of the Dong Hua Hospital, and further examine their disaster relief activities in Hong Kong and Canton. The Dong Hua Hospital was founded in 1869 to provide medical services for the Chinese population of Hong Kong, however, circumstances in Hong Kong at that time required other charitable social services. Thus, the Dong Hua Hospital came to manage the repatriation of emigrants and the transportation of dead bodies, as well as to organize the raising of relief funds among overseas Chinese. The Dong Hua Hospital acted as a pivot in the Cantonese Network, and as such was able to effectively obtain both reputation and financial resources. The establishment of the Dong Hua Hospital involved the emergence of a new local elite which represented the several guilds. As the activities of the Dong Hua Hospital were extended, the government in Hong Kong began to fear the influence of Chinese officials. In the early twentieth century the Dong Hua Hospital worked in cooperation with the benevolent associationsin Canton to provide relief to disaster victims. As the city of Hong Kong flourished, the Dong Hua Hospital took the initiative in the management of social services in both Hong Kong and Canton.