ホシラの西行とバイダル裔チャガタイ家

Abstract

Qoshila, the eldest son of Qaishan, Yuan Wutsung, led a rebellion against the oppression of his uncle Ayurbarwada, Jentsung. But having failed, he fled westward, reaching the Altai Range and settling abroad in the territory of the Chaghatai Khanate deeper in Central Asia. I suppose that it was the offspring of Toq-temur, the younger brother of the famed Chubei of the Chaghatai royal family subjected to the Yuan dynasty, who was responsible for opening relation between Qoshila and the Chaghatai Khanate. This Toq-temur was the youngest grandson of Baidar, the youngest son of Chaghatai. I also suppose that as the result of his rights of inheritance as the youngest son, he inherited the grazing lands in southwestern foothills of the Altai Range, which had first been awarded to the Chaghatai by Chinggis qan. After Qoshila's return and accession to the throne, Irinchinbal (Rin chen dpal) , a grandson of Toq-temur, was enfeoffed as Liu-ch'eng-wang 柳城王 on the basis of meritorious service. I conjecture that the person whose name was written "脫火赤" in the Yuan shi and who rebelled against the Yuan dynasty in support of Qoshila, was not one person, really were two persons: one of them was Toghachi chingsang (Toghuchi ba'atur) who attacked Mongolia, and the other was Toqachi (son of Toqto'a who was a son of Chubei) of the royal family of Ning-su-wang 寧蕭王, whose head quarters was near Kara-khot (Qara-qota) I hypothesize that the Yuan shi confounded two persons with one person. In addition, it is possible that when the Yuan army led by Toghachi chingsang defeated the army of the Chaghatai Khanate prior to Qoshila's escape, the offspring of Toq-temur advanced into Uyghuristan. I surmise that they supported Qoshila, and he had been protected by chagatai khanate, therefore Uyghuristan again became the territory of the Chaghatai Khanate. However, Goncheg, son of Qaban who was the elder brother of Chubei, ruled Qamul (Hami) and did not cease to be obedient to the Yuan dynasty. For this reason, the boundary between Yuan and the Chaghatai Khanate was drawn between Qamul and Uyghuristan. In this article, I supeculate that Qoshila's escape to the west and its influence on the Yuan dynasty and the Chaghatai Khanate were closely related to actions of descendants of Baidar.