東北タイにおける信用組合の展開

Abstract

Rural microfinance institutions fall into two major patterns: a targeting-the-poor pattern and an out-reach pattern. The former, of which the Grammen Bank is the most well-known, is the donor-subsidized organizations. This does not mobilize savings as financial intermediaries. The latter is self-reliant village banks, or Credit Unions, that extend loans to the members using locally mobilized savings. This paper examines three distinct credit unions in northeast Thailand. It has two main purposes; the first is to investigate the saving behavior of union members that seems anomaly to the mainstream economic models. The second is to examine the effects of co-existence of financial institutions. In Thailand there exist several microfinance institutions in a same village. We show this is likely to jeopardize the saving behaviors of the villagers, and hence hampers the development of saving unions.