キリマンジャロにおけるバナナの生産・販売の特質 -「女性産物」が追求する家計安全保障-

Abstract

The security of the household economy on the basis of "security of food consumption" and "security of daily necessities consumption" has been pursued so far at Lukani village, on the western slope of Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, through the cultivation of maize and "female products" (bananas, milk, beans, etc., ). In contrast, "male products" such as coffee have pursued economic rationality and maximum revenues. One of the main characteristics of the farm household economy at Lukani village is that the peasants emphasize on the importance of balancing these two sectors, without unification and specialization. Firstly, this paper aims to clarify details of the aforementioned "security of food consumption" ("security of harvesting" and "gradual sales after securement of the volume of in-house consumption") and the "security of daily necessities consumption" ("purse function") through a case study of bananas, which is a leading female product. The second aim of this paper is to form a quantitative understanding of (1) the importance of in-house production of livestock manure, which is one of main factors that facilitate these two securities without management costs; and (2) the importance of the in-house production of ingredients (bananas, maize, milk, etc.) for staple food items. Finally, this paper investigates the latest situation where bananas are being sold excessively in order to cover the losses incurred by declining sales of coffee, which used to be a leading "male products". It is important to note that the security of the household economy, pursued by "female products", is facing a crisis.