杜詩の對句についての一考察

Abstract

In early Chinese literature the use of parallelism tended toward a simple restatement of idea in the paired lines. The full potentialities of this rhetorical device were not realized until the great T'ang poet Tu Fu subjected it to his poetic genius. The parallelisms employed in his lü-shih (regulated verse) always reveal a pair of contrasting linages which, when set in parallel structure, combine to form a complete image. If one image is visual, the other is oral ; if one is spatially vertical, the other is horizontal ; if one is painted in light pastels, the other is vivid by comparison ; and if one is posed as cause, the other is effect. All combine to invest the poetry with a vital dynamism, a feature rare in the poetry of Tu Fu's predecessors; yet he always strictly preserved the grammatical and rhythmical regularity required by this device.